APPENDIX
Explanation of the results of the tested disorders
Autosomal recessive inheritance (ARI)
Clear - A dog carries no copies of the tested mutation and has no or reduced likelihood of developing and passing on the disease/condition.
Carrier - A dog carries one copy of the tested mutation. Carriers typically have a normal, healthy appearance but pass on the mutation to approximately 50% of their offspring.
At risk - A dog carries two copies of the tested mutation and is at high or increased risk of developing the disease/condition.
Autosomal dominant inheritance (ADI)
Clear - A dog carries no copies of the tested mutation and has no or reduced likelihood of developing and passing on the disease/condition.
At risk - A dog carries one or two copies of the tested mutation and is at high or increased risk of developing the disease/condition.
X-linked recessive inheritance (X-linked)
Clear - A dog carries no copies of the tested mutation and has no or reduced likelihood of developing and passing on the disease/condition.
Carrier - Female carriers typically have a normal, healthy appearance but carry one copy of the tested mutation on one of their X chromosomes. As males only have one X chromosome, there are no male carriers.
At risk - Female dogs at risk carry two mutated copies of the tested mutation. Males carry one copy of the tested mutation on their single X chromosome. Dogs at risk are at high or increased risk of developing the disease/condition.
Please note that the descriptions above are generalized based on typically observed inheritance patterns. When obtaining a 'carrier' or 'at risk' test result, always refer to the corresponding online test documentation for more detailed information on the condition and any exceptions.